Life and Death During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic: An analysis of cross-country differences in changes in quantity and quality of life

Lykke E. Andersen; Alejandra Gonzáles Rocabado

doi:10.35319/lajed.202135438

Autores/as

Lykke E. Andersen Sustainable Development Solutions Network Bolivia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0219-0090
Alejandra Gonzáles Rocabado Sustainable Development Solutions Network Bolivia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35319/lajed.202135438

Palabras clave:

COVID-19, pandemia, años de vida, movilidad, calidad de vida

Resumen

Este estudio realiza un análisis comparativo de los cambios en la cantidad y la calidad de vida durante el primer año de la pandemia COVID-19 para 124 países. Los cambios en la cantidad de vida se miden como años de vida perdidos por COVID-19, incluido el exceso de muertes no reportadas oficialmente como muertes por COVID-19. Los cambios en la calidad de vida están representados por el cambio promedio en la movilidad diaria, en comparación con una línea base anterior al COVID-19. Encontramos una correlación negativa significativa entre los dos, lo que significa que los países con mayores reducciones de movilidad son también los países con mayores pérdidas de años de vida. Calculamos que se perdieron alrededor de 48 millones de años de vida durante el primer año de la pandemia, lo que corresponde al 0.018% de todos los años de vida esperados. A modo de comparación, se pierden al menos dos veces más años de vida cada año debido a la mortalidad de niños por diarrea. Todos los días se generan alrededor de 28 millones de años de vida por el nacimiento de bebés, por lo que el primer año de la pandemia nos retrasó menos de dos días en términos de cantidad de vida. Los contratiempos en términos de calidad de vida son de varios órdenes de mayor magnitud. Algunos países han sufrido una reducción de alrededor del 50% en la movilidad de vida durante los últimos doce meses, con efectos devastadores en muchos aspectos de la calidad. Estimamos que 1,200 millones de años de calidad de vida han sido perdidos por las reducciones en movilidad, lo cual es 25 veces más que la cantidad de años perdidos por muertes de COVID-19 en el primer año de la pandemia.

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